R.J. Anderson (rj_anderson) wrote,
R.J. Anderson
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UPROOTED and the Generation Gap in Fantasy

So this week Naomi Novik's Uprooted won the Nebula Award, and as a result a lot of people are reading it. And the reactions, as they have been pretty much ever since the book came out, are... mixed.

On one hand you have readers (myself among them) who wouldn't go so far as to call the book perfect, but who really loved it and thought it worth recommending to other fantasy lovers. On the other hand, you have people who were so horrified by the book's seemingly dismissive attitude to sexual assault and the hero's lack of respect for the female MC that they either DNF'd the book a few chapters in, or they found the whole experience of reading it to be irrevocably tainted.

Some of those people who disliked (or even hated) Uprooted are my friends, and I am not here to tell them they're wrong to feel that way, or to try and argue them into liking it. But there's a strain in current fictional discourse that's been really bugging me over the past few months, and some of the critiques of Uprooted suffer from it -- the difference between "I didn't love X, and this is why," which is perfectly legitimate and fine (and can even lead to interesting discussions) and "I didn't love X because it's gross and problematic, and if you like X anyway, WHAT IS WRONG WITH YOU."

I don't mind hearing that not everybody likes the same things I like. I do very much mind being made to feel that I am a lesser person, indeed a morally inferior one in desperate need of enlightenment, for liking them.

I am not here to defend Novik's choice to have her heroine sexually threatened, because I don't think it was necessary to the plot nor do I think that it added anything to the story. I did notice it, it did bother me, and I would have enjoyed the book a great deal more without that aspect. Nevertheless, it wasn't the dealbreaker for me that it was for some of my friends, and I think I know why.

Because I'm over forty, and I grew up reading different fantasy novels than they did.


That may sound flippant, but it goes deeper than you might think. In fact, I feel fairly confident in suggesting that the majority of people who loved Uprooted despite its faults are 40+ and/or grew up reading "classic" fantasy novels almost exclusively, while the majority of those who disliked the book enough to DNF or strongly criticize it are 35 or younger, and in their childhood and teens had a much wider, modern pool of fantasy to choose from.

In other words, the twenty and thirtysomething readers didn't grow up having to swallow the occasional bitter pill of sexism or casual racism in order to read books in their genre. They could afford to be picky, and that's why they find it baffling and even upsetting that older fantasy readers don't seem to hold books like Uprooted to the same high standard.

But for me, the habit of overlooking story elements I don't care for in order to enjoy the ones that I do was drilled into me decades ago. When I was a teen reading fantasy novels -- or any kind of novels, for that matter -- it was practically a given that the heroine would be sexually menaced at some point. How else would the villain reveal the true depths of his depravity? What other fate, barring death, could be serious enough to make our hearts flutter anxiously on the heroine's behalf, and make our satisfaction all the greater when the villain was thwarted? And how realistic would it be, really, if the possibility of the heroine being raped was never even acknowledged? You might be able to get away with that in juvenile fantasy, but come on, we're grown-ups here...

I'm not saying this is how it should be or that it's the only way to write a good story, I'm simply stating a fact: this is how it was in 1970's and 80's fantasy (and historical, and crime, and a lot of other genres). You had to be prepared for that, or resign yourself to not reading any fiction at all.

So those of us who grew up reading fantasy learned to adjust our expectations. To see sexual threats or assault as a warning sign (because the way it was handled could often tell you whether the author was indulging a fetish, or merely bowing to what s/he thought were the rules) but not necessarily a dealbreaker. For me, a dealbreaker was having the hero commit rape (I'm looking at you, Lord Foul's Bane) or having the villain rape the heroine on-screen (hello, The Fionavar Tapestry*), whereas having the heroine merely threatened or finding a way to fend off the assault seemed like a positive triumph.

None of this explains, or excuses, why Novik bowed to this particular old-fashioned convention in a decade where sexual assault in fiction can no longer go unquestioned or be easily overlooked. But it does explain why those of us who loved Uprooted were able to do so. Because we weren't surprised to find such an element in a classic-style folklore-inspired fantasy. We could sigh or grimace or roll our eyes as necessary, and then move on.

Furthermore, because Uprooted is so very clearly a tribute to the great female fantasists of the 70's and 80's -- authors like
Patricia McKillip, Robin McKinley, and Ursula LeGuin, who made me think not only "I want to write these kinds of stories" the way Lewis and Tolkien and MacDonald had, but "I want to write like this" -- the overwhelming feeling that reading Uprooted produced in me was a deep nostalgic fondness, and a strong sense of faith in Novik's ability as a storyteller. Because if she'd read and loved the same books I loved as a teen, and her writing was giving me the same feeling as reading The Forgotten Beasts of Eld or Beauty or A Wizard of Earthsea, then I could trust her to tell the rest of her story in a way that would make up for the bits I didn't like so much.

And in the end, my belief was that she did.



So yes, my friends who didn't warm to the book immediately as I did, and felt that certain male characters' treatment of Agnieska was too offensive to ignore or forgive -- I understand, and I'm not trying to change your opinion. But I think it's important to understand how the generation gap between younger and older fantasy readers, and the books that most influenced us, play into this.

It's not that we don't see the flaws and the problematic elements, or that we don't care about them. It's that we can see virtues and delights in Novik's novel, many of them based on the older fantasies to which Uprooted is paying tribute, that make us love it anyway. Which is why Uprooted won the Nebula this year, because the people doing the voting are fondly remembering those older novels -- many of them also flawed, but nonetheless deeply resonant and influential -- as well.


--
* Oh hey, both those "classic" epic fantasies were written by men! What a surprise! No wonder nearly all my favorite 80's fantasy authors were women.
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  • 49 comments
That's an interesting thought, and I'll be equally interested to see how people respond. In truth, I didn't like that, either, nor did I care for the way older man and the inexperienced young girl (another staple of older fiction), or the extremely high body count. But the latter seems to be de rigor these days, and the second one accepted more often than not.

So I shrug and read around it. Did I enjoy it? Yes! Will I reread it? (Which is my definition of "award worthy") Probably not. I don't think it had enough to say to go in against to read around these elements, but that first read was a real page turner.
I'm not surprised by your reaction either, because you're also of a different (in this case older) generation, and the authors who were such formative influences for me would have been more like peers to you. Which also lends a degree of objectivity to your perspective on 80's-style fantasy that those of us in our forties tend to lack...

I do want to re-read it, but with the criticisms others have pointed out in mind. I don't think it'll spoil my enjoyment of the aspects I did like, but the first time around I was gulping down the narrative so fast that I am still rather confused about how it all played out in the end.

Deleted comment

"Respect the house, even after you've moved out" is a very useful way of putting it.

And yes, there is sometimes a statute of limitations on reading certain kinds of fantasy. I will forever be wistful that I didn't discover Diana Wynne Jones young enough to fall in love with her like so many other writers I know -- although I read several of her books as an adult and enjoyed most of them well enough, they never quite held together for me.

But I am also glad that I read certain books when I did, including some problematic ones, because I took more good away from those books than modern critics seem to think possible, and I don't think they did my worldview any particular harm. Even as a teen, I knew that being forced to have sex with somebody you don't love because dragons was creepy, and I was glad real life didn't work that way, even if it meant no dragons. But as a bullied and lonely child, Menolly's character arc in the first two Harper Hall books was a lifeline for me.

kerravonsen

3 years ago

kiwiria

3 years ago

rj_anderson

3 years ago

kiwiria

3 years ago

This is a fascinating theory-- I could certainly see it being the case. I'm definitely more aware of this issue now, and more critical of it, but like you, I read a LOT of fantasy as a kid that included this stuff, so I do think I may be more tolerant of it. I did enjoy UPROOTED specifically because it reminded me of my childhood favorites, even as some elements are problematic (just like some elements of my childhood faves remain problematic).
Yep. I think there's something to be said for being in on the whole conversation, so to speak, and Uprooted is definitely a book in conversation with its influences. That doesn't give it a free pass, but it does explain why it's easier for some of us to regard it affectionately.
I don't know if the generation gap idea holds up, because -- anecdata -- most of the friends who told me they loved it are my age or younger.

I don't judge anyone who loved it, because the reading id wants what the reading id wants, but in all the discussion around it, I would have liked to know in advance that it is literally more rapey than GoT. (The books, not the TV series -- most of the rape in the novels is talked about, and the effects seen, but the reader doesn't directly experience them.) And, for me, it's a masterclass in How Not To Write Mentor/Apprentice.

But I think you're right about why it won the Nebula -- and I'm glad that's cleared up, because it was a complete mystery to me, when this story has been told so many times by contemporary YA authors, and told better.

That's interesting, and surprising to me, as my own anecdata was so different. But helpful to know. I'd be curious, then, to know what those younger readers are thinking and whether they are or aren't critical of similar tropes when they occur in more modern-style fantasy. Because while I agree that superficially similar stories have been done in YA, what made Uprooted stand out to me was the style and execution rather than the plot, and I liked that style and execution for the particular reasons I mentioned above. I wasn't seeing anything to compare to it in the YA novels, which were in conversation with their own set of influences (and often ones that I personally don't share).

I'd be glad for a list of contemporary YA fantasy that you feel covers the same ground as Uprooted and does it better, though. It's possible I've just missed the particular books you're talking about.

lizbee

3 years ago

rj_anderson

3 years ago

lizbee

3 years ago

rj_anderson

3 years ago

lizbee

3 years ago

rj_anderson

3 years ago

lizbee

3 years ago

djonn

3 years ago

kerravonsen

3 years ago

rj_anderson

3 years ago

kiwiria

3 years ago

djonn

3 years ago

kerravonsen

3 years ago

rj_anderson

3 years ago

(here from the homepage, I hope this is okay!)

I find this a really interesting discussion as someone who read the book and disliked it for exactly the reasons the people you talked to disliked it, but who also grew up reading the same type of books as you. (I'm 31, but my small-town library didn't have access to newly-published books, so the sci-fi & fantasy section was several decades behind and almost exclusively male-authored, sigh. When I found the stuff people my age grew up with I was too old to appreciate it for what it was.)

For me, I found the sexual assault & gender relations stuff in Uprooted such a harsh throwback to the books I'd choked down as a teenager (while at the time feeling uncomfortable but not having the vocabulary to explain why for a while) that that's why I couldn't deal with it in Uprooted. I thought we'd moved past this, to stories where I didn't have to feel that awful lump in my throat while reading; it knocked me right back to those years when I scarfed down awful, awful media because it was the only thing I had and I'd become inured to it out of sheer necessity. To feel that again while reading a book by an author I love in 2015 was not a pleasant experience.

(At the same time, everyone I know loves it -- even the friend I gave it to saying READ THIS SO WE CAN BE MAD TOGETHER -- and the prose is beautiful. When I heard it won a Nebula I thought 'oh well' because it's not what I would have chosen, but that's okay. However, it's also been an oddly alienating experience, especially when I hear people describe it as a love letter to fans and fandom, tailor-made to stir fans up and give them everything they want in a story -- it's weird to realize a book has been written for a specific audience and that audience is Not You.)
I made the LJ homepage? My goodness, how small has this site become? But you are most welcome to jump in!

I can totally see what you're saying, and that's why I would never want to push the book on anyone. My review on GoodReads described it as "like a beloved classic read for the very first time", but that was far more my reaction to the prose and the general feel of the story than a blanket endorsement of the plot.

I also very much get the "written for a specific audience and that audience is Not You" thing, as I've come across popular and widely beloved books that made me feel that way as well.

Thanks for sharing your thoughts on this!

green_knight

3 years ago

rj_anderson

3 years ago

Deleted comment

rj_anderson

May 17 2016, 01:41:26 UTC 3 years ago Edited:  May 17 2016, 01:41:39 UTC

The worst of it is that I actually did end up reading all of LFB, and the rest of the series as well, because my brothers kept insisting that it was a great series and I had to "get past" Lena's rape because "don't worry, he doesn't get away with it. He suffers a lot for what he did."

Well, yeah, but the focus was still on Covenant's suffering. Even when Lena went mad, it was All About Covenant. I wasn't critically minded enough at that age to figure out exactly why I was left so unsatisfied by the way Donaldson handled Lena's rape -- after all, didn't he show us that it was a very bad thing for Covenant to have done? Didn't he make him regret it? -- but now I see that it bugged me because it should never have happened at all. It wasn't necessary to the plot, it was simply there for shock value, so all the attempts to lampshade it afterward came across as self-justifying digressions instead of being organic to the story.

But back to Uprooted, your description of how you perceived the sexual violence was pretty much how I felt when I was reading it as well. I wasn't confident enough to put it in those terms because it's been nearly a year since I read it and the finer (or grosser) details have faded from my mind, plus I didn't want to come across as dismissive of those who saw it differently. But you're right about Agnieska not allowing the event to define her, which I did like -- the problem is that it's also possible to read it as the author not treating the assault as seriously as it deserves, which is where I think some of the criticism is coming from.

kerravonsen

3 years ago

havocthecat

3 years ago

I was slightly disappointed by "Uprooted", but more because I just didn't care for it much than because of the "dismissivel attitude to sexual assault". It's been awhile since I read it, but I think it just didn't come across as dismissive, but rather as a portrayal of the very real way women were treated in the time this book was set (or at least the 'real world' equivalent).

(I'm 36 btw, but probably also grew up reading other fantasy books).

"I didn't love X because it's gross and problematic, and if you like X anyway, WHAT IS WRONG WITH YOU."
I don't mind hearing that not everybody likes the same things I like. I do very much mind being made to feel that I am a lesser person, indeed a morally inferior one in desperate need of enlightenment, for liking them.

YES! Thank you! I get that a LOT because I like Twilight (and actually also because I don't like Lord of the Rings). It gets old :-/
I didn't love Twilight when I read it (which was some months before the madness broke loose -- I actually had to order the book through interlibrary loan) but I absolutely understood why it worked like gangbusters for others. Whatever else one may say about the books, Stephenie Meyer nails the feeling of teen infatuation, and I think a lot of teens and young adults responded to that.

And yes, in-world, the characters' reactions in Uprooted (however maddening to modern sensibilities) are fairly unsurprising.

kiwiria

3 years ago

I'm actually very happy that there is a generation of readers who aren't happy to put up with [sexual violence, erasure of women, racist tropes] in order to 'get to the good stuff' and accept that that's the price of admission. But I also think that It's ok to like problematic things as long as you're aware they're problematic. I don't judge people who like books that also have problems, but I do judge how they're engaging with problematic content. (Saying 'I cannot deal with this' is fine from where I'm standing; saying 'there's no problem' (or worse, attacking the people who call out those problems) isn't.)

I think what the discussion sometimes lacks is an assumption of good faith: that liking something doesn't mean you can't see its flaws or aren't willing to discuss them, and that pointing out flaws in something you like doesn't mean that the other party hates YOU.

But I also think we need to acknowledge that in a day and age where saying 'I don't like this thing, it's sexist/racist/transphobic' will get you death threats on the internet (this happens more in gaming than books; but it's frustratingly common) people who want to call out problems are wary and defensive because they have run into a lot of explosive, over-the-top and often violent reactions from hardcore fans who will defend their choice of entertainment with all means 'necessary' - up to, and including, violence.

Yeah, I have zero patience for people who try to excuse their favorite characters' bad behaviour by arguing it isn't really bad and the people objecting are just ignorant or narrow-minded. There may have been a time mid-HP series when I speculated that Snape's nastiness to certain students (especially Harry, Neville, and others whose parents were visibly opposed to Voldemort) might be partly for the sake of keeping up appearances as a double agent, but that's different from saying Snape was justified in being nasty, or that he wasn't really being mean to his students at all.

And the assumption of good faith is very much crucial to any kind of civilized discourse. Unfortunately this often seems to get forgotten in online arguments... and sadly, the violence and death threats go both ways. I know people on Tumblr who routinely get messages telling them to kill themselves because they like a fictional pairing that other fans have deemed problematic. The only way to escape attack is to "out" themselves as abuse survivors who are using that ship to cope, and even then their attackers don't always believe them. So there's a lot of unhappiness and anxiety about expressing one's opinions all around.

elvenjaneite

3 years ago

I'm 28 & loved Uprooted, fwiw. On the other hand, my fantasy formation did start pretty young & before the explosion of YA that's out there today.

I know there are strong feelings about this one, and I do see why. But for me, there are also reasons to love it, and I agree that it's possible to acknowledge that there are problems and continue to love a thing with full knowledge that it's not perfect.

More generally than this specific title, I think that often People On The Internet forget that part of being a fan of problematic things is still being a fan. (And I don't want to downplay or judge anyone else's reaction--people get to nope out of something anytime for any reason. But that has to go both ways.)
Thanks for chiming in! I was hoping you would. :)

And yes, if you can opt out of something for good reasons that are worth explaining and defending, you can also opt into it for good reasons that are worth explaining and defending, or even for no reason at all except "I DUNNO, I JUST LIKE THE THING." It doesn't have to mean you haven't noticed or refuse to acknowledge its flaws, much less that you need to be educated about them. (Unless you give clear evidence of being ignorant or indifferent to those problematic aspects, and that kind of willful pig-headedness is less common than one might think.)

djonn

3 years ago

rj_anderson

3 years ago

Well, I'm older than you, and I pretty much loved Uprooted, though I do have problems with high body counts and I thought the Dragon was a jerk through much of the story. But here's the thing-

I read it as the story of a young woman gaining in confidence, wisdom, and power. The near-rape almost slid by me because that was my focus. I also loved the setting and the way the language was used, and I LOVED that Agniezca's friend was a heroine in her own right and had a role to play. Finally, I loved that this was a story about discovering and righting the wrongs of the past. The "bad guys" - the evil forest - had a point of view, too. And the Dragon, in the end, grew up a bit. Heck, I loved that ending.

But I do understand why people would be repelled by the way the Dragon treated Agniezca (sp?). What I don't understand are the critics - again, mostly young women - who see her as a Mary Sue. What? I don't get that at all.
Oh, I wanted to add that I So Agree with you about Thomas Covenant. I read the first one and then just stopped.
Ugh. I tried to read Lord Foul's Bane when I was younger (I can't remember if it was when I was in college or high school or what) and I didn't much like him before he raped her, and the moment that happened, I said, "Nuh-uh," and put it down. I'm 39, for generational reference. :D

I haven't yet read Uprooted. I've read glowing reviews, and I've read reviews critical of the problematic issues, and it's still on my list of books to read. I guess we'll see. :D
Yeah, I forced myself to get through the series because I'd been brainwashed persuaded that not reading it would be missing out on one of the great fantasy classics of the century. In retrospect, uh, not so much. Not that Donaldson doesn't have his strengths and virtues as a writer, and not that the rest of the series was terribly hard to read once I'd got through the first one, but I would not have missed anything significant by not reading it at all.
As always, I greatly enjoy the thoughtful discussion here. I have really enjoyed Novik's other books and I think I'll give this one a try also. I can't contribute much to the discussion because I'm old(er) and when y'all were reading fantasy in the 70s and 80s, I was devouring murder mysteries. But I understand that certain tropes are common to certain eras as I watched the progression from golden age mysteries to stories I really can't enjoy much. I do wonder, though, why with all the concern over a supposed "rape-culture" on college campuses, a heroine having to deal with a rape attempt would make a book off limits. I find myself often at sea trying to navigate the shoals of modern thought. I can understand not wanting to read a book with that element in it as I personally don't like stories with rape in them either (although I can stomach non-graphic attempted rape), but I don't understand why something that is a time-less evil would be considered off-limits as an element of a story.
I think you will probably enjoy the book for all the same reasons I did -- and yes, I would put an averted rape attempt which is clearly portrayed as repulsive to the heroine and a vile act of selfishness and entitlement by the would-be rapist in a different category from books which paint it as romantic, or handwave it as "part of that [fantasy] culture", or whatever. I'd still rather have done without it, but I don't think it was done thoughtlessly, even if it could arguably have been handled better.

And yes, I've felt the same way about the development of murder mysteries as well. I keep going back to Sayers and Allingham (or certain select ones of theirs, anyway) because the modern "cozies" don't have the same tone as the Golden Age mysteries I liked, and the procedurals are all too dark and grim for me.
I think I'm in the same boat as a lot of people who read this book -- I felt that it was good... but didn't quite live up to the hype. I'm in the younger audience range (24), and I really cringed at the attempted rape scene, but ultimately, my problems with the book went far deeper than just that scene. Well... "problems" probably isn't the right word, since most of the issues I had were just taste-related. I'm a character person, and Nieska and the Dragon just weren't hitting it off with me, so I read mostly for Kasia, who I thought was really awesome. And it was only near the end, when the plot really picked up that I started to get into the swing of things. I think I was mostly underwhelmed because many of the fantasy books I've read and really loved usually had major twists near the end (ala Sanderson or Turner), but Uprooted was just really straightforward. Up until the end, I was half-convinced that Nieska was actually corrupted by the wood during her first visit, and that the remainder of the book was just some hallucination she was projecting on the readers. =/

I found your post really interesting! I don't have many friends who are avid readers, so it's nice to see the opinions of someone who's been reading for a while, and to get the kind of insight on how the trends in the publishing industry and readership tastes have evolved over time. I think when it comes to dealbreakers, it's really a matter of Your Mileage Might Vary. And it also depends on the issue as well, and how it's handled. There are certain tropes that I don't mind coming across, depending on how the author handles it, and then there are those that would just make me put the book down regardless of how an author approaches it. I also think that one of the factors influencing readers today is just the number of books out there. I can imaging that with the rise of independent publishing and digital platforms like Wattpad and FictionPress, readers know that they don't have to stick with a book if they don't want to. There's always something else to read, and there's always a chance they'll come across something better and more worth their time.